Why was Frankenstein in the Arctic?

Victor Frankenstein begins the story (which is actually near the end of the story, chronologically) in the Arctic because he has chased the "daemon" to whom he gave life there.  One day, when their ship was hemmed in by ice, Captain Walton and his men saw a dog sled in the distance, going north, and driven by something that looked like a man except that it was very much larger. 

The next day, when the ice has begun to break up, a man who we later find out is Victor has floated up to the ship on a piece of ice.  Although he only has one living dog remaining to pull his sled, and despite the fact that "His limbs were nearly frozen, and his body dreadfully emaciated by fatigue and suffering," he will not come aboard the ship until he knows which way they sail.  Despite the fact that he would certainly die on the ice, alone, he will only get on the boat if it is going in the same direction as the creature, who he intends to pursue until one or both of them are dead.  Once he learns that they travel "towards the northern pole," he is then willing to come aboard.

This is why he's in the Arctic, to seek revenge on the daemon who killed almost everyone he ever loved.

What are the similarities and differences between "The Yellow Wallpaper" and The Scarlet Letter?

These are two very disparate pieces of literature. Aside from the former being a short story and the latter a novel, both take place within two very different times: The Scarlet Letter is a novel that deals with Puritan life in Massachusetts in the 1600s, while "The Yellow Wallpaper" takes place in a colonial mansion (perhaps in Providence, Rhode Island) in the late 19th-century. In terms of setting, both are New England tales.

Gilman wrote the "The Yellow Wallpaper" during what was probably her own experience of what we now call post-partum depression. The tale was a reaction to medical science's explanations for emotional disturbances among women, and particularly accepted cures for "hysteria." In Gilman's case, her doctor recommended that she embrace all things domestic. She creates a character in her story who does exactly this. The result is that she goes mad, but also experiences a lucid epiphany: she is imprisoned by domesticity. 

It is important, too, that "The Yellow Wallpaper" is narrated by a female protagonist. Nathaniel Hawthorne, on the other hand, creates a third-person omniscient narrator who tells the story of Hester Prynne.

The only way in which the works are similar is in their explorations of female identity, and the ways in which women have been oppressed by the social expectations of certain times. Of course, in The Scarlet Letter, Hester's transgression is a flagrant one, even by modern standards: she commits the sin of adultery and has a child as a result of the encounter. In Gilman's story, the struggle is that of a woman who wants to write, but is discouraged by her doctors and her husband, John. Both female characters wish to live according to their own desires, a wish that is socially unacceptable.

If you are going to do a comparative analysis of these works, I would consider giving both a feminist reading. With "The Yellow Wallpaper," this is easy because it is a tale with an explicitly feminist message. However, be sure to remember that Hawthorne and Gilman employ different literary devices and probably have different agendas in their telling of these stories. 

So what is an oxidation number? I think I have a weak grasp of it, but from what I have read, it is simply just the amount of electrons that were...

Oxidation number of an atom can be defined as the charge on the atom if a given compound is composed of ions. For example in the compound sodium chloride (NaCl), we can calculate the oxidation number of the atoms. The two atoms in sodium chloride are sodium and chlorine. Since the total charge on the compound is zero, the sum of oxidation numbers of sodium and chlorine is also 0. Here, the oxidation number of sodium is +1 and that of chlorine is -1. We can similarly find the oxidation number of any atom in a given compound. 

The definition that you wrote is a simplified scenario and something that can be used in the case of simple compounds such as, sodium chloride. For complex compounds, such as , etc. it becomes difficult to figure out the number of electrons that are transferred between elements. It is relatively easier to determine the charge on ions and using it to determine the charge on each atom, which is the oxidation number.

Hope this helps.  

Who was the first president?

The usage of the term "President" to refer to the highest power in a government dates back to the 17th century. In the Commonwealth of England, the Lord President was the highest ranking official in the English Council of State, later known as the Protector's Privy Council. Today, the position of Lord President is always given to a member of the Parliament. The Lord President attends each meeting of the Privy Council and his or her primary role is to present business to the monarch on behalf of the Council.

In the context of the government of the United States of America, the term "President" draws from such positions like the Lord President- someone who presides over a meeting of government officials. In the United States Constitution of 1787, the term took on a new meaning as the position of the President of the United States was created. The first President of the United States, and the first elected President anywhere in the world, was George Washington.

What is the correct sequence of events during evolution?

Background

Evolution is a process by which populations (i.e., a group of organisms of one species) change. Evolution may be adaptive, that is to say, it may result in populations that are better suited to their environment or more fit; alternatively, it may be neutral or maladaptive. Often when we think about populations evolving, we are interested in adaptive evolution, the process by which populations change to become better suited to their environment.

A common set of steps to result in adaptive evolution is as follows (we'll unpack these steps in a bit):

1) Heritable variability for a trait exists in the population.

2) A selective pressure exists in the environment that leads some individuals in the population to be more fit.

3) The more fit individuals reproduce more successfully and/or faster, and eventually, the population becomes dominated by the descendants of the individuals with the higher fitness.

Example: How did the giraffe get a long neck?

Let's take an example that we often imagine when thinking about evolution -- how did the giraffe get such a long neck? Let's go through the steps we might hypothesize occurred in the past that result in us currently observing populations of giraffes with long necks.

1) There was an ancestral population of giraffe-like organisms that had, on average, shorter necks than the population we see today. However, within this population, there was variation for the trait of interest (i.e., some giraffes had longer necks than others). Importantly, this variability was heritable, which means that if a mama and/or papa giraffe had a long neck, their offspring (i.e., kiddos) were relatively likely to have long necks, too. At a molecular level, we suspect the parental giraffe(s) had one or more genes that caused or predisposed them to have long necks. These genes were the heritable units that could be passed down from parent to child.

2) The giraffes were nourished by eating leaves on trees. Unfortunately, there weren't always enough leaves within reach to go around. Sometimes, giraffes could not get enough food. Because of this, they were less healthy, and they were more likely to die young before having very many offspring, and their offspring were less healthy. However, giraffes with longer necks were able to reach leaves that none of the other giraffes could get, so they were generally healthier and had more offspring. Their offspring were also likely to have long necks, so they in turn thrived and had more offspring.

3) Eventually, the gene for tall necks permeated the entire giraffe population, until all giraffes had long necks, and they had access to a wider range of food (i.e., food that was low to the ground as well as high up in trees).

A few notes about this example:

1) Although the gene for long necks became the only 'neck length' gene in the population, other genes from short-necked giraffes may persist. This is the beauty of sexual reproduction -- there is genetic exchange, or recombination, between chromosomes (i.e., linked sets of genes) from two different parents.  

2) An alternative hypothesis could be that the fact that giraffes have long necks is not adaptive, but rather, the result of a more random process such as genetic drift. If this were the case, we would still begin with heritable variability, however, instead of some organisms being more fit than others, there would be an event that randomly only allowed long-necked giraffes to survive and/or reproduce. For example, the population could have undergone a bottleneck, in which only a few individuals survive after, for example, an earthquake. When there are only a few organisms, it is likely that the distribution of traits in the small population will not be the same as the distribution in the population before the bottleneck event occurred. If, by chance, only long-necked giraffes survived, we would also expect to see a current day population of long-necked giraffes even though short-necked giraffes would have done just as well.

Carbon-12 and carbon-13 are isotopes of carbon. What does this mean?

Hello!

Each chemical element (and carbon among them) is defined by the number of protons in its nucleus. Also the same number of electrons are found in each atom of the same element.

For carbon, this number is 6, and it cannot be changed in a chemical reaction.

But neutrons may also be found in an atom (in its nucleus). Neutron has zero electrical charge and its mass is similar to the proton's mass. And many elements have representatives with a different number of neutrons. Classes of these representatives are called isotopes (of an element).

Carbon-12 has atomic mass 12, i.e. it has 6 neutrons to its 6 protons. Carbon-13 has 6 protons also and 7 neutrons. These carbon isotopes are the only two stable ones (there are many other isotopes of carbon, but they are radioactive).

Carbon-12 is the most abundant (almost 99%).

The chemical properties of these isotopes are the same.

In "Once Upon a Time," what sociological issue does Nadine Gordimer hope to bring to the forefront?

When Nadine Gordimer wrote "Once upon a Time" in 1989, her home country, South Africa, was in the last-gasp throes of apartheid, a legal and political system of forced segregation that deprived people of color of their rights and made white people the elites of society. Apartheid began in 1948 when the Nationalist Party rose to power and lasted until 1991, when the laws were finally struck down. "Once upon a Time" reflects the social unrest roiling Gordimer's country at the time, and she obviously speaks out against apartheid in this story.

Beyond that specific political context, however, the story raises the sociological issues of prejudice and fear of "the other." Suburban white people and their household employees allow fear to cause them to retreat into deeper and deeper isolation. As they do so, their lives become more and more stunted. They end up living in a prison of their own making where their son ends up being sacrificed on the altar of their fears. The alternative is briefly hinted at when the wife wants to reach out with compassion to the unemployed "loafers" outside her gate. Showing compassion toward, feeling the pain of, and interfacing with the "other" group is essential to resolving the problems of fear, prejudice, and injustice. Fear brings more fear, but rapprochement can resolve fear and move individuals and societies toward a true state of living "happily ever after."

How does Ray Bradbury use imagery to make the house seem alive in "There Will Come Soft Rains?"

In “There Will Come Soft Rains,” Ray Bradbury uses personification to create images of a house that is a living, breathing entity. People no longer live in the house, but it continues with its daily routine as if it was alive. Bradbury describes the house waking up, making breakfast, and announcing the daily activities. The author provides visual and auditory images.

In the kitchen the breakfast stove gave a hissing sigh and ejected from its warm interior eight pieces of perfectly browned toast, eight eggs sunnyside up, sixteen slices of bacon, two coffees, and two cool glasses of milk.

As the story progresses, Bradbury gives the house a voice as it sings “Rain, rain, go away.” Throughout the day, the house performs the tasks of a home in 2026 that include watering the garden, quivering when a bird hits the window, and setting up for the evening bridge game. As the nighttime approaches, Bradbury has the home ready itself for bedtime before reading a poem to its former owner. The poem is a symbolic choice, which adds to the imagery. The poem, with the same name as the story, describes how nature continues its pace even during war, which is synonymous with the house existing until its “death.”

How is Mr. Pearson characterized in "Raymond's Run"?

Toni Cade Bambara provides the reader with an indirect characterization of Mr. Pearson in “Raymond’s Run.” She does not specifically state his character attributes by saying he is kind or caring. Instead she describes him, allows the reader access to Squeaky’s thoughts about him, and includes his dialogue with her.

Mr. Pearson is the man who makes sure the runners are signed for the May Day race. The author describes him as carrying and dropping many items, therefore he could be described as being discombobulated. It is interesting that he walks around on stilts, it makes him comedic. The neighborhood children used to take advantage of him by calling him “Jack and the Beanstalk.” He does not take kindly to his nickname but he feels it is appropriate to call Squeaky by hers.

Then here comes Mr. Pearson with his clipboard and his cards and pencils and whistles and safety pins and fifty million other things he’s always dropping all over the place with his clumsy self. He sticks out in a crowd because he’s on stilts. We used to call him Jack and the Beanstalk to get him mad. But I’m the only one that can outrun him and get away, and I’m too grown for that silliness now.

When he begins to ask Squeaky to throw the race, the reader might conclude that he is trying to be fair to the other contestants, but it is obvious that he does not understand how important winning the race is to Squeaky.

I have to present a small skit on Dahl's "The Umbrella Man" tomorrow, please help.

A skit based on Dahl's short story "The Umbrella Man" should be an easy task to accomplish.  Based on the premise of the work, which is theft, a skit could quickly be constructed using a news broadcast scenario.  The amount of people you need to include can alter the scenario, but at the least you will need two people; a reporter and the mother or daughter.

The reporter can start with a summary of the events leading up to the "breaking news."  The reporter's monologue should quickly detail the events such as the number of missing umbrella's in the area, For example:

• "This is Investigative Reporter (insert name) on the scene at (pick a location from the book, the pub or coffee shop perhaps).  In the last few nights there has been an epidemic of missing umbrellas.  Where did they go? I expect to find out!...."

Adding some thoughts about why the umbrellas are disappearing might be helpful as well.  Aliens? A government conspiracy?  From there, introduce at least one "witness."  You can use the mother or daughter for the interview.  Ask basic questions about who they saw, what happened and their opinion on the matter. 

Once the interview is complete you can wrap up the skit by signing out as reporters often do on television by include a wrap up on how to approach the situation:

• "This is (insert name) for (insert company, e.g. "Sky News").  Next time you need an umbrella, perhaps don't trust a stranger."

If an incident ray makes an angle of 40° with the normal, what will be the angle between the reflected ray and the normal?

According to the law of reflection of light, angle of incidence and angle of reflection are always equal. Angle of incidence is the angle made by the incident ray of light with a normal drawn to the reflecting surface. Similarly, the angle of reflection is the angle made by the reflected ray with a normal drawn to the surface of reflection. 

Here, the incident ray makes an angle of 40° with the normal to the reflecting surface and hence the angle of incidence is also 40°.

Using the law of reflection of light,

Angle of incidence =  angle of reflection = 40°.

Hence the angle of reflection is 40°, which means that the reflected ray will make an angle of 40° with the normal to the reflecting surface.

Hope this helps.

Write the trigonometric form of the number.

To convert 4 to trigonometric form, express it in z=x+yi form. So it becomes:

Take note that the trigonometric form of a complex number z=x+yi is

where 

    and    

Applying these two formulas, the values of r and theta of z=4+0i are:

Plugging them to the trigonometric form of a complex number result to:

Therefore, the trigonometric form of 4 is   .

How does Hester transform herself during the encounter with Dimmesdale in The Scarlet Letter?

When Hester meets with Dimmesdale in the forest (in chapter 18: "A Flood of Sunshine"), they speak for a while, especially after she confesses to him that Chillingworth (who's been torturing Dimmesdale) is her long-missing husband.  Although Dimmesdale is angry at her at first, the pair eventually begin to make plans to run away together on a ship, leaving Boston forever, because they are still very much in love.  Feeling joyfully for the first time in a long time, Hester removes the scarlet letter from her chest and takes off her cap, releasing her long hair onto her shoulders.  In this moment, "A crimson flush was glowing on her cheek, that had been long so pale.  Her sex, her youth, and the whole richness of her beauty, came back [...]."  The sun begins to shine on her as it has not done for years, and she seems to come back to life.  She did not realize the terrible burden of the scarlet letter until she removed it and felt the freedom of its weight having been lifted.  She smiled a "radiant and tender smile."  However, when she must replace the letter and cap, they functioned like a "withering spell," and the radiance and youthfulness that Hester exuded without them melted away.

What is sustainable development? Discuss its importance with special reference to renewable and nonrenewable resources.

Sustainable development, in simple terms, means development in a sustainable manner. That is, the development is carried out in such a manner that the current needs are satisfied and the needs of the future generations are not compromised. We can also say that sustainable development keeps the interests of both the current and future generations in mind. If our current development puts the interests of future generations at risk, it cannot be termed sustainable. For example, if we are consuming non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuels (for example, coal, gasoline, diesel, etc.) for satisfying our requirements, without worrying about the availability of these resources for future generations, we are not developing sustainably. This is because non-renewable resources have a fixed amount and cannot be replenished (in a short time). If the current generation uses them up, future generations will not have access to them. Renewable resources, such as renewable energy (from sources such as solar power, wind energy, tidal power, etc.) is something that we can use as well as our future generations. 

Thus, renewable resources are very important for sustainable development and we have to be mindful of our consumption rate of non-renewable resources, if we are to leave any of them for our future generations. After all, we have received a large amount of resources from our ancestors and it is our ethical and moral responsibility to leave the same or a similar amount for future generations as well.

Hope this helps. 

Calculate the concentration in grams per Liter (g/L) of a 200 L solution containing 40 g of solute.

The concentration of a given solute in a given solution is the ratio of mass of solute and the volume of solution. Mathematically, it can be written as:

concentration = mass of solute / volume of solvent

In this case, mass of solute is 40 gm and the volume of solvent is 200 liters and hence the concentration can be calculated as:

concentration = 40 gm / 200 l = 0.2 gm/l

Hence the concentration of the given solution is 0.2 g/l.

Concentration is a term very commonly used in chemistry, especially when we are working in the laboratory. There are a number of units for reporting the concentration of a solution, including, gm/l, moles/lt, M (molar unit), N (in terms of normality), etc. One very common use of concentration is in titration experiments, especially the acid-base titration reaction, etc.

Hope this helps. 

How did Edgar Allan Poe use imagination in "The Fall of the House of Usher?"

Imagination is central to Poe's story. First, the reader is invited to engage in Roderick Usher's insistence that his home is a living and evil organism:

He was enchained by certain superstitious impressions in regard to the dwelling which he tenanted, and whence, for many years, he had never ventured forth -- in regard to an influence whose supposititious force was conveyed in terms too shadowy here to be re-stated -- an influence which some peculiarities in the mere form and substance of his family mansion, had, by dint of long sufferance, he said, obtained over his spirit -- an effect which the physique of the gray walls and turrets, and of the dim tarn into which they all looked down, had, at length, brought about upon the morale of his existence.

In other words, the house itself has developed an oppressive personality that is making Roderick sick. Roderick imagines that inanimate objects, like the house, are alive:

This opinion, in its general form, was that of the sentience of all vegetable things.

Second, Roderick himself is overly affected by his imagination, such this his nerves and senses are on edge from a "nervous" affection that: 

displayed itself in a host of unnatural sensations. Some of these, as he detailed them, interested and bewildered me; although, perhaps, the terms, and the general manner of the narration had their weight. He suffered much from a morbid acuteness of the senses; the most insipid food was alone endurable; he could wear only garments of certain texture; the odours of all flowers were oppressive; his eyes were tortured by even a faint light; and there were but peculiar sounds, and these from stringed instruments, which did not inspire him with horror.

Third, the reader is asked to "suspend disbelief" in accepting that Madeline clawed her way out of her tomb and her crypt. 

Finally, the story poses the question: is Madeline real or a projection or figment of Roderick's fevered imagination? The story critiques imagination run amok in wild and perverse ways, as represented by Roderick, yet pulls us in as readers with its powerfully imagined setting and consistent atmosphere of brooding oppression. 

What other decisions does Macbeth have to make besides killing Banquo in Act 3, scene 4?

Act 3, scene 4 finds Lord and Lady Macbeth presiding over a banquet in their honor. The two murderers return to tell Macbeth that they succeeded in killing Banquo, but Fleance got away. When Macbeth returns to the banquet hall he sees Banquo's ghost sitting at the table; he begins to address the ghost, unable to hide his anguish at seeing the ghost of his friend who he murdered at the table. The company is aghast at his behavior and Lady Macbeth attempts to excuse Macbeth's odd and frenetic behavior by blaming it on an illness that he's had since childhood. Macbeth finally manages to pull it together, but loses it again during the dinner. Everyone leaves and Lady Macbeth berates her husband for his behavior and for ruining the evening. 

Macbeth makes the decision at the end of the scene to send for Macduff in the morning and to visit the witches to find out how to protect himself. He worries that he might lose all that he has gained, but has come too far to turn back now. 

Does a rainbow show us the wavelengths of visible light that have travelled from the sun to the earth?

To understand if a rainbow shows us the wavelengths of visible light that have traveled from the sun to the earth, one must first understand what a rainbow is and how a rainbow is formed. A rainbow is a "optical phenomenon" that occurs when visible light passes through a water droplet in the atmosphere, causing the light to refract. The density of water causes the light passing through the droplet to slow down. As the light hits the back of the drop, it reflects back towards the direction from which it came at a downward angle between 40-42 degrees relative to its position entering the droplet. The slowing down of light inside the water droplet causes it to bend. This bending separates the light into the various wavelengths of visible light. The now bent visible light exits the water droplet and speeds back up upon entering the less dense air, causing the light to bend again. Because of this entire process, a rainbow does show us the wavelengths of all the visible light that has traveled to earth from the sun. Hope this helps!

How can I write a comparative analysis of Aristotle's notion of the tragedy and Sophocles' Oedipus the King?

In Aristotle's definition of tragedy, he defines six characteristics that all tragedies must have: plot, characters, diction, thought, spectacle, and melody. For each characteristic, Aristotle offers specific defining traits (see the hyperlink offered below). Here are some comparative elements that posit Oedipus Rex as a definitive tragedy.

First, under "character," the tragic hero is meant to be one of noble birth who displays a fitness of character. In Oedipus Rex, Oedipus, as the tragic hero, is certainly one of noble birth, being the king of Thebes, and as a king he displays the decision-making qualities of one who is of kingly status. Aristotle says, however, that this character must suffer hamartia, and Oedipus falls to his hubris. Next, Aristotle says under "melody" that the chorus should serve as an integrated part of the play, one that arouses pity and fear in the audience, and in Oedipus Rex the chorus serves this role as they comment on the actions of characters, namely Oedipus, and try to suggest to the audience the ethical underpinnings of events during the play. So these are a few characteristics of the play that compare to Aristotle's definition.

What did you like about the story "Young Goodman Brown" and what didn't you like about it?

I especially liked the way Hawthorne revealed that all the righteous people of the village had evil desires which they concealed from everybody else. Young Goodman Brown and his wife Faith are both model citizens who have an ideal marriage. Brown's wife does not realize that her eminently respectable husband plans to attend some kind of devil-worshipping orgy in the forest; and, ironically, he discovers that his angelic little wife is attending the same ceremony and taking a leading role in the proceedings. What I didn't like was the way Hawthorne deliberately "painted over" his own story, so to speak, by raising the question of whether what Brown had observed had actually happened or whether it was only a dream.

Had Goodman Brown fallen asleep in the forest and only dreamed a wild dream of a witch-meeting?

Hawthorne seems to want to be saying that people all have dark sides to their natures. Yet he equivocates. He says it, but he doesn't say it. It is the equivocation I dislike. If the author doesn't know the truth about his own story--who does? Is he afraid to say what he believes?

Guy de Maupassant wrote a similar story. It is titled in English "Was It A Dream." The narrator tells how one night he went to visit the grave of his paramour who had recently died. While he is at the cemetery he sees all the graves open up and the ghosts of the dead emerge in order to change the epitaphs on their tombstones. All of them erase the flattering inscriptions and write the truth in luminous letters. According to the narrator:

And I saw that all had been the tormentors of their neighbors--malicious, dishonest, hypocrites, liars, rogues, calumniators, envious; that they had stolen, deceived, performed every disgraceful, every abominable action, these good fathers, these faithful wives, these devoted sons, these chaste daughters, these honest tradesmen, these men and women who were called irreproachable.

Finally the narrator sees the ghost of the girl he is mourning. She changes the inscription on her tombstone from "She loved, was loved, and died" to the honest truth:

Having gone out in the rain one day, in order to deceive her lover, she caught cold and died.

Maupassant's story is very effective, but, like Hawthorne, he equivocates by raising the possibility that the whole incident may have only been a dream. This is why the story is titled "Was It a Dream?"

Maupassant's story is so similar to Hawthorne's--especially in the way each protagonist makes a shocking discovery about his loved one--that we might wonder whether Maupassant borrowed his idea from "Young Goodman Brown." Nathaniel Hawthorne was born in 1804 and died in 1864. Guy de Maupassant was born in 1850 and died in 1893. He would have been about fourteen when Hawthorne died.

What are three reasons for the rise of conservatism in the late 20th century?

There are a number of reasons for the rise of conservatism in the late 20th century. First, the threat of communism caused many Americans to begin defining themselves and their beliefs in opposition to those of the communists. Part of this included looking to the past (hence the term "conserve") for inspiration and ideas. They celebrated the American founding fathers and the traditions they instituted because these separated them from the communists.

Second, the end of the New Deal era led Americans to seek a new vision for the future. For many Americans, that new vision was conservatism. 

Third, the conservative movement produced charismatic leaders who succeeded at communicating conservative ideals to the American public. Russel Kirk's The Conservative Mind and William F. Buckley's creation of National Review provided the conservative movement with intellectual capital, and politicians such as Ronald Reagan gave conservatives a political outlet.

What did the Tangerine County Sports Commission do when they found out that Antoine Thomas lived in Tangerine?

In Tangerine, there are two school districts: Tangerine and Lake Windsor. Everyone in town knows Lake Windsor is considered the better district. They have nicer schools, better sports teams, and get more attention from colleges and athletic scouts. Therefore, Antoine Thomas, a very talented football player with hopes of earning a football scholarship, lies about his address to be eligible for the Lake Windsor school district.

To maintain his lie, his sister has to hide from the spotlight. He feels guilty about this, and the lie begins to eat away at him, so he decides to come forward and admit he lied to the Tangerine County Sports Commission. In response, the county, "voted to nullify all victories by the Lake Windsor High School Team over the last three seasons." This means that not only will Antoine be punished, but all of his teammates' records will be wiped clean as well. Any games the team won or records individual team members made will be cleared away as if they never happened. This changes Lake Windsor from a team with almost a perfect winning record to a team with a record of 30 losses and 0 wins.  

4ln(3x)=8 how is this equal to 3.695

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Can you help me analyse this quote by Lord Capulet, "Out, you green sickness, carrion! Out, you baggage!"

This quote is from Lord Capulet as he berates Juliet because she refuses to marry Count Paris in Act III, Scene 5. Shakespeare was the master of insulting remarks and he unleashes several of them in this scene as the incensed Capulet verbally abuses his recalcitrant daughter because of her perceived ingratitude toward his wishes. In this case Capulet refers to her as "green-sickness carrion" could refer to an anemic condition which make one look pale and green or just be purely used to express his disgust. He further calls her "baggage" suggesting that she is a burden to him and a worthless girl. Throughout this tirade he also refers to her as a "disobedient wretch," "Mistress minion," "tallow face," "wretched puling fool," and "whining mammet." Capulet becomes so angry because he fully believes that Paris will be a good match for Juliet and he is anxious to bring happiness to his family after the unfortunate death of Tybalt. Of course, he knows nothing of Juliet's marriage to Romeo which causes the girl to recoil at the idea of marrying another man.

Why should Lyddie not sign the petition?

In chapter 12 Lyddie's two remaining roommates, Amelia and Betsy, argue about signing the petition that the Female Labor Reform Association is circulating. The petition would reduce the work days at the factories from thirteen to ten hours. Amelia and Lyddie are against signing the petition, for different reasons, while Betsy is considering signing.

Amelia, the most religious of the girls, uses practical and moral arguments against signing. First she warns Betsy that, if she signs, she will be dismissed from her job. The management of the factories keeps an eye on the "radicals" who spread dissatisfaction among the workers, and they fire people who sign the petition. Whether this is true or just a fear is unclear. Diana Goss is known to be involved with the FLRA, yet she still works at the factory. That could be because she is such a good worker. If a mediocre worker signed, perhaps she would be dismissed. Once a worker is fired without an honorable discharge, no other factory in town will hire that person, so the worker needs to get a different kind of job in town or move away. Amelia also argues against signing because "it does no good to rebel against authority." She goes on to say rebelling is "unladylike" and "against the Scriptures," at which Betsy scoffs.

Lyddie's reason for not signing is because she does not want to work fewer hours. She says, "But we'd be paid less." She wants her savings to accrue as quickly as possible, no matter how hard she has to work, so she can pay off her family's debts and bring her family back together again on their farm.

Betsy's reasons for signing the petition are that the factories are being unjust and the workers cannot keep up the pace that is demanded of them. Betsy compares their lifestyle to being "black slaves" because they have very little free time and must comply with the whims of factory owners. Indeed, the factories can require increased speeds and can drop the workers' wages even as they are working harder.

This chapter presents reasons for signing the petition as well as for not signing.

What materials did scribes use?

The materials scribes used varied with period and region. Some of the major materials used were:

China: The earliest known Chinese writing unearthed by archaeologists were "oracles bones", in which tortoise shells and cow bones were inscribed with ink. later Chinese scribes used paper, which was first manufactured in China during the Han dynasty. They wrote mainly using brushes and pens.

Mesopotamia: Scribes in ancient Mesopotamia used a reed stylus to inscribe writing on wet clay tablets. Both the languages of Sumer and Akkad were written in the form of a syllabary known as cuneiform.

Egypt and the Mediterranean: Scribes in Egypt and most of the Mediterranean preferred to use a type of paper made from papyrus, a plant that grows in the Nile delta, and quill or reed pens dipped in ink. For short, informal communication, scribes wrote with ink on ostraca, small pieces of discarded broken pottery. 

Europe: Outside of Egypt, when papyrus was not available, parchment or vellum made from animal skins was used for writing with pens made from reeds or quills (bird feathers). 

What is "thoughtcrime" in 1984?

George Orwell, in his futuristic dystopian novel 1984, creates a language called "newspeak" which epitomizes the style and manner of thinking of totalitarian regimes. The goal of "newspeak" within the novel is to create a language in which it is impossible to think subversive thoughts that might destabilize Big Brother and the government of Oceania. Syme, a friend of Winston, the protagonist of the novel, states:

Don't you see that the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought? In the end we shall make thoughtcrime literally impossible, because there will be no words in which to express it.

"Crimethink" is any form of criminal or subversive thinking. A "thoughtcrime" is a thought which is forbidden. By means of a system of ubiquitous cameras and microphones, Big Brother monitors not just what people say and write, but also their facial expressions and tones of voice for any possible subversive thoughts. Simply having such thoughts is a crime. In a sense, the notion of a thoughtcrime is an apocalyptic vision of technologically enabled totalitarianism.

In the book The Giver, what do these jobs tell you about the community in which Jonas lives?

When you say "these jobs," it implies you might have a list of jobs you are referring to, but since that was not shared, I can only speak to the jobs we are aware of in the book in general. These jobs tell us that everyone plays a role in this community. Everyone has a responsibility to the community and is expected to serve their fellow citizens. We also know these jobs are chosen based on the individual's aptitude, so we can assume that most of the people in these jobs are not only good at them, but enjoy them. That is not something we can claim about our own world.

Many of the jobs in the book are not too different from the jobs in our own world. Jobs we might see in our own community would be:

• Recreation Leaders (we see this in schools and programs like the YMCA)


• Caretaker of the Old (the title for this position in our world is usually caretaker, nurse, or even Certified Nurse Practitioner (CNA).


• Nurturer (think of pediatric nurses and caregivers)


• Fish Hatchery worker 


• Street Cleaner


• Landscape Worker

There are some jobs in the book that do not align exactly with our world. The Receiver of Memory would be one, as well as the Council of Elders. That being said, The Receiver of Memory is like a high-level advisor in our world, minus the duty of holding all of society's memories.

If the x and y intercepts are both four what is the slope in a fraction?

We are told both the x-intercept and the y-intercept are 4. The x-intercept is the point where the line crosses the x-axis - in (x,y) notation, the x-intercept in this case is the point (4,0). The y-intercept is the point where the line crosses the y-axis, in this case, the point (0,4).

The slope of a line is found by dividing the rise (change in y) by the run (change in x). You need to know at least two points on the line to calculate the slope. If you know two points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2), then the slope (m) is:

Using our two known points: (0,4) and (4,0), we can calculate the slope as:

Since we know the slope (m) and the y-intercept (b) we can now write the equation for this line in y=mb+b form:

What is the equation that releases hydrogen from hydrazine?

Hydrazine is an organic compound with the chemical formula of N2H4. Two scientists by the names of Sanjay Kumar Singh and Qiang Xu from the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology that is located in Japan have been able to successfully convert hydrazine into hydrogen at room temperature. The process is completed for chemical storage of hydrogen. However, the process requires a nanocatalyst, Rh4Ni. The equation for such is as follows:

N2H4 --> N2 + 2 H2

Hydrazine is an oily-like liquid that is colorless and highly flammable. It smells like ammonia and is highly reactive. Thus, it is toxic when inhaled or absorbed by the skin. If air is present when hydrazine is distilled, it may explode. For this reason, hydrazine is used to propel spacecraft as well as F-16 fighter jets.

What is Sherlock Holmes' outlook on life?

"The Red-Headed League" was one of the earliest Sherlock Holmes stories Sir Arthur Conan Doyle published. As such, it contains more direct characterization of Holmes than later stories. Direct characterization is when an author directly describes a character to the reader. Doyle also lets Holmes describe himself in this story; this is considered indirect characterization because the reader learns about the character from something the character does or says, or what others say to him or do in response to him.

The direct characterization gives us some hints about Holmes' view of life. When Watson is contemplating his friend's "dual nature," he states, "the swing of his nature took him from extreme languor to devouring energy." He attributes this to the battle between Holmes' exacting rational side and his "poetic and contemplative" side. We get a feeling that Holmes swings between dreaming and doing, between nourishing his inner life and making a difference in the outer world.

At the end of the story Watson compliments Holmes profusely. Holmes yawns and says it saved him from "ennui," or boredom. Then he states, "My life is spent in one long effort to escape from the commonplaces of existence. These little problems help me to do so." We get from this that Holmes thinks life is too drab, which seems like the view of someone who has no grounding beliefs about the purpose of life, perhaps no view of the ultimate flow of history toward good or evil, and no confidence in his role in that greater drama. Life overall seems boring and purposeless to him, and solving crimes is but a brief respite from the dullness of that rudderless boat ride he is taking on a sea of meaninglessness. 

Watson tries to encourage Holmes to take a more hopeful view by telling him he is a benefactor of mankind. Holmes accepts the compliment but demurs with the French aphorism, "The man is nothing; the work is all." Although this is a refreshingly humble admission from a man who can at times appear annoyingly arrogant, it nevertheless reflects an abdication of his personal responsibility to fully embrace his role in life. He does not seem to believe that he himself has been put on earth to benefit mankind, but he acknowledges that his work can be beneficial, can be "of some little use."

Progressives thought the role of government was to...?

Progressives believed the role of government was to protect the American people from abuses that were occurring in our country and to make reforms to correct those abuses. Progressives believed that without government regulation and control of businesses, that businesses would act only in their best interests and not in the best interests of the country or the American people.

Progressives looked at what was happening in the workplace. They saw children working long hours in factories instead of going to school. They saw unsafe working conditions in the factories. They were concerned there was no protection for workers injured on the job. They saw big companies trying to control the marketplace and charge high prices by reducing competition. The Progressives passed many laws to correct these problems. Workers compensation laws, safety regulations, antitrust laws, and child labor laws are some examples of laws that were passed to protect the working class.

Progressives saw politics being controlled by a handful of people. They believed the common person had a very limited role in government. To change this, the progressives pushed for and got a constitutional amendment that allowed the people to choose their United States senators. They pushed for an amendment to get women the right to vote. The initiative, referendum, and recall were developed to give the common person more say and a greater role in government activities. Progressives believed it was necessary to take actions that would give the common person a greater voice in our government and in determining who are leaders would be.

Progressives believed none of these changes would occur unless the government was involved in bringing about these changes. They believed businesses, politicians, and those with power wouldn’t do anything to weaken their position by building up the position of those who were impacted by the problems that existed in our society.

Explain how the single commandment in Chapter 10 of Animal Farm by George Orwell sums up the attitude of the pigs that enable them to break all...

In Chapter Ten of Animal Farm by George Orwell, Clover lets out a terrifying neigh, and the other animals come running. They are appalled when they see the pigs walking on two legs, which is clearly against the seven commandments written upon the barn wall. Clover asks Benjamin to read the commandments to her because something looks different. He obliges her, reading the one commandment that is now there: "All animals are equal. But some are more equal than others" (Orwell 133). 

The pigs have become like humans. They walk on two legs, drink, smoke, and even have begun to wear clothes. This new commandment shows that the pigs feel they are superior to the other animals. They are in charge and get the best food, drink, etc. They do not have to work the long hours the other animals do, pretending that their work is more important and takes more intelligence, yet nobody ever sees them do any real work. They have become the oppressors and are quite content with their role. The farm has come full circle, and the animals are just as bad off as they ever were--all the animals that is, except for the pigs.

Who does the poem "If" term as impostors?

If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster

And treat those two impostors just the same;

In lines 11–12 of his poem "If," Rudyard Kipling states that Triumph and Disaster are both impostors. Triumph and Disaster represent two possible outcomes that a young man might encounter as he pursues the "dreams" of line 9. Triumph is achieving the thing the young man dreamed of doing, and Disaster means not achieving it, and possibly having something dire occur instead.

In what sense are both of these outcomes impostors? An impostor is one who pretends to be someone he is not in order to deceive another. Achievement can seem like triumph, but it really depends on what the achievement is and what the motives behind it were. The poem speaks about truth and virtue. If success is achieved without truth or virtue, then it is an impostor, not actually a Triumph. On the other hand, sometimes not succeeding, not achieving a goal, but failing miserably, can seem like a Disaster when it is really a growth experience that will strengthen a person and redirect him toward a better goal, one that may not have previously been considered. In that case, Disaster is an impostor, and it is really success.

Looked at another way, Triumph and Disaster can both be impostors if a person lets them define him. If a young man believes that he is only successful when he experiences Triumph, or that he is a failure when he experiences Disaster, he is letting outside circumstances define him. This poem emphasizes the importance of grooming the inner man—building strong character and behaving in an upright and virtuous manner no matter what. A young man who knows who he is will not be swayed by the impostors of either Triumph or Disaster when they try to define him—because he knows his identity is based on inner character, not on outward events.

In chapter one of Lord of the Flies, how much do we know about Piggy, Ralph, Jack, and Simon?

Ralph and Piggy are the first characters we meet as they bump into each other emerging from the jungle and the wreckage of the crash. Piggy is eager to make Ralph's acquaintance and asks him quite a few questions while also volunteering a good deal of information about himself, including his nickname, "Piggy." The reader learns that Piggy has asthma, that he is pretty smart and knows quite a lot, and that Ralph is quietly handsome and strong. The reader also learns that Ralph's father is in the navy and Ralph expects him to come rescue them once he has leave.

Once they blow the conch, Jack and his choir (including Simon) show up marching down the beach. Jack is described as tall, skinny, and ugly, and we learn that the boys are afraid of him. Simon passes out after marching across the hot beach in his choir togs and the boys dismiss him as a bit off and someone who is always doing that.

Jack and Ralph and Simon decide that they will go and explore the island and that Piggy isn't really physically capable of those sorts of tasks. The reader sees Jack hesitate when it comes to killing a pig and then resolve to get it next time.

How does Krakauer feel after achieving something he has been dreaming about for months?

Krakauer dreamed of ascending Everest for a lot longer than a few months.  Climbing was a an early passion of Krakauer's, so his dream of ascending Everest had been around for years. 

I dreamed of ascending Everest myself one day; By the time I was in my early twenties, climbing had become the focus of my existence to the exclusion of almost everything else.

Krakauer tried to convince himself that ascending Everest was no longer a dream of his.  His reasoning was that climbing Everest had become too easy and too commercialized.  

But at some point in my mid-twenties I abandoned my boyhood fantasy of climbing Everest By then it had become fashionable . . . I began to look down my nose at the world's highest mountain. Such snobbery was rooted in the fact that by the early 1980s, Everest' easiest line-via South Col and the Southeast Ridgehad been climbed more than a hundred times. My cohorts and I referred to the Southeast Ridge as the "Yak Route."

Krakauer admits a few paragraphs later that he was trying to convince himself that he didn't want to climb Everest.  He admits it, because when Outside magazine offered to bankroll his summit attempt, Krakauer barely even hesitated to accept.  

In truth, the call from Outside had unexpectedly aroused a powerful, long-buried desire. . .  In late February 1996, Bryant called to say that there was a place waiting for me on Rob Hall's upcoming Everest expedition. When he asked if I was sure I wanted to go through with this, I said yes without even pausing to catch my breath.

Krakauer did indeed make the summit of Everest, but by his own admission, he wasn't filled with wild explosions of joy and elation.  He was too tired for that, and too aware of the dangerous descent that he still had to do.  

Reaching the top of Everest is supposed to trigger a surge of intense elation; against long odds, after all, I had just attained a goal I'd coveted since childhood. But the summit was really only the halfway point. Any impulse I might have felt toward self-congratulation was extinguished by overwhelming apprehension about the long, dangerous descent that lay ahead.

His feelings of reaching the summit are closer to relief than joy.  

Perhaps your question is asking about how Krakauer felt after he had gotten back home.  Again, there isn't much joy in Krakauer over his accomplishment.  Sure, he feels accomplished that he was able to make the summit, but all of those feelings are tainted by a form of survivor's guilt.  Krakauer is glad to be alive, but feels horrible that he couldn't help save his friends.  

The stain this has left on my psyche is not the sort of thing that washes off after a few months of grief and guilt-ridden self reproach.

How did Jessie Coon James find food for Sam in My Side of the Mountain?

We first meet Jessie Coon James, a young raccoon, in the chapter called "In Which I Find a Real Live Man." Sam and Frightful adopted him, took him home and fed him, and he got fatter. Eventually he accompanied Sam to the stream. Jessie was good at digging up mussels. But Sam soon figured out how to use Jessie's techniques to his advantage. If left alone, the raccoon would dig up mussels, eat them, and then stop digging as soon as he was full. Sam let Jessie dig up the mussels, but then he would take the food away so that Jessie would keep digging. In this way, the raccoon's stash fed Sam first, and then Jessie could eat the rest. Sam wrote a recipe about mussel preparation in his notes.

Are insects animals?

Yes, insects are animals. 

All the animal species known to us are divided into two categories, depending on the presence or absence of a backbone, as vertebrates and invertebrates. Those that have the backbone are called vertebrates and the animals that do not have a backbone are called invertebrates. Insects are invertebrates and are part of the phylum Arthropoda. There are over 1 million known species of invertebrates and of these, almost 75% are insects. In comparison, there are about 58,000 known species of vertebrates. Insects' bodies have three distinct parts: head (used for feeding and sensory application), thorax (body segments consisting of legs and wings, if any) and abdomen (used for reproduction). Insects are unlike other invertebrates and have a common body structure, typically with six legs (although some may also have wings).

Hope this helps. 

In To Kill A Mockingbird, why did Mayella Ewell live a miserable life?

Mayella is the isolated, unattractive daughter of Bob Ewell. She is part of a very poor family considered white trash by the rest of the community. Bob Ewell, an alcoholic, is a violent man who beats Mayella, and spends what little money he has on whiskey. His eight motherless children live in a ramshackle shack with him, and the family relies on poaching to survive. As the narrator states, the Ewell family "had been the disgrace of Maycomb for three generations."

While it's clearly miserable to live in a shack with an abusive father and to be an impoverished outcast in the community, Mayella also feels forced to turn on Tom Robinson, a man who has treated her with kindness, simply because he is black. Although she is the one who most likely approached him, and while there is no good evidence he raped her, she has no mechanism for fighting back against a code that insists the racial line cannot be crossed between black men and white women. For the rest of her life, she will have to fight to deny to herself that she wronged an innocent person. 

Atticus wasn't the only white man to stand up for Tom. Who else spoke out in Tom's behalf?

There are several other white people who stick up for Tom Robinson throughout the novel. 

Link Deas—Link Deas is Tom’s employer and stands up in court to tell the judge and jury that he has never had any trouble with Tom.  Link Deas also gives Helen Robinson a job after Tom is killed trying to escape. 

Heck Tate—When Boo Radley kills Bob Ewell, Heck Tate, the sheriff, could have arrested Boo.  Instead, he comments to Atticus that a black man is dead, and the man who caused his death is now dead.  He convinces Atticus that it is an even trade and that it would be a crime to arrest Boo.  This shows that Heck Tate knows that Tom is innocent of the rape of Mayella Ewell.

Mr. Underwood—Mr. Underwood shows his support for Tom Robinson two times in the novel.  The first time is when Mr. Underwood has a shotgun trained on the lynch mob that has come to hang Tom without a fair trial.  This shows he supports Atticus’ conviction to make sure Tom has a fair trial.  In addition, after Tom is shot trying to escape prison, Mr. Underwood writes an editorial in his newspaper denouncing the killing of an innocent, crippled man like Tom.  The editorial also compares Tom to a songbird (mockingbird).

Other white people we can probably assume are on Tom’s side are Dolphus Raymond, Miss Maudie, Jack Finch, and of course, Scout, Jem, and Dill. 

How could a social network system be integrated into a DSS (decision support system)?

DSSs, or decision support systems, are computer informational analysis programs that analyze multiple raw data sources in order to present useful information to be implemented into problem solving and decision making processes. The dual goal is that a DSS computer program software application will help decision makers identify and solve problems while facilitating more informed decisions. 

A DSS can be used to gather information from business related sources, like projected sales and sales trends, and from general sources, like documents or tacit (experiential) knowledge. As the journal Decision Support Systems points out, DSSs are used in multiple disciplines from linguistics to mathematical modeling to psychology to economics and statistics and to data base management. How social networking information could incorporate into this very expansive informational analysis application is an interesting consideration.

Social networking is most succinctly defined as an Internet-based means of connecting with and expanding business or personal connections with clients and/or friends. Using LinkedIn as an example, as it is business relationship oriented, when you realize that LinkedIn social networks are mines of raw language data, tacit knowledge data (work experience and expertise), article and other uploaded document data, plus much more, it is easier to understand how social network systems might be used as an operational element in a DSS: social network systems could be approached just like any other raw data bank with specific types of information gathered and presented in an analyzed form applicable to problem solving and decision making.

After reading "Raymond's Run," you can’t help admiring Squeaky. Imagine how you would feel about her if she were in your class at school.

I’d certainly be jealous of Squeaky. Her being an invincible runner would make her immensely popular in the whole school. Forget about the students, I'm sure, even the principal and the teachers would be her fans. Her huge fame is sure to cause me a great deal of uneasiness. It may even instill in me a sense of inferiority complex.

But I'm sure this sense of insecurity and inferiority would have a positive effect on me. It would prompt me to extract the best out of me.

Squeaky’s secret behind her success is her single-minded dedication to running. Even if she is with her mother or Raymond on a street, she is practicing running; and while strolling, she continues her breathing exercises. She has made running a part of her life, and this, in turn, has made her the “fastest thing on two feet.”

I may not admit to Squeaky that she has taught me a great lesson: if one devotes oneself completely to what one does, one is sure to make a mark in that activity.

Though envious of Squeaky, I’d secretly admire her and try to imitate her. Beating her in running may not be possible, perhaps; I’d figure out some other activity I'm naturally good at or I’d love to excel at. It may be singing, dancing, painting, acting, swimming or anything else. Whatever it would be, I’d immerse myself wholly in it.  

And I'm sure, sooner or later the day would come when I’d too become a Squeaky in the activity of my interest. And then, perhaps, I’d no more be jealous of her, and would be able to admire her openly.  

Discuss the quarrel between Cassuis and Brutus. How is their conflict resolved? What are the deeper issues and the misunderstandings between them?

In Act IV of Julius Caesar, Brutus and Cassius are engaged in a civil war against Octavius, Antony, and Lepidus. Brutus and Cassius meet to discuss problems in their ranks. Cassius is upset with Brutus because Brutus condemns a man that Cassius defends. Brutus is upset with Cassius because when Brutus requests money from Cassius, he does not send it. 

This is the superficial argument between them. The root of the argument is based in their roles in the conspiracy and assassination as well as their relationships with Julius Caesar.

Throughout the course of the play, it is evident that Cassius is jealous of Caesar. In Act I, Cassius describes Caesar as a "colossus" that "bestrides the narrow world." When he recounts a day that he and Caesar both attempted to swim across the Tiber River, he portrays Caesar as weak and crying " 'Help me, Cassius, or I sink!'"(I,i, 201). When Cassius is trying to persuade Brutus to join the conspiracy, he states that Caesar's name is not more respected than Brutus' (or Cassius' for that matter). It is this jealousy that motivates Cassius to plot against Caesar and turn Brutus against him as well. 

While arguing with Brutus in his tent, Brutus questions Cassius' motives (for the first time). He says, 

Remember March, the Ides of March remember:
Did not great Julius bleed for justice’ sake?
What villain touch’d his body, that did stab,
And not for justice?

These doubts resonate with Cassius, who once again feels as if he competing with a dead man. Brutus then explains that he is not afraid of Cassius' temper and he is annoyed that when he requested money from Cassius, he was denied. Cassius is visibly upset, and responds 

I did not. He was but a fool
That brought my answer back. Brutus hath rived my heart:
A friend should bear his friend’s infirmities,
But Brutus makes mine greater than they are (IV, iii)

Cassius becomes incensed by the accusation that his motives and actions are not noble, and bears his chest to Brutus while offering his dagger. Cassius then declares 

I, that denied thee gold, will give my heart:
Strike as thou didst at Caesar; for I know,
When thou didst hate him worst, thou lovedst him better
Than ever thou lovedst Cassius (IV, iii).

Once again, it is evident that the root of the conflict between Cassius and Brutus does not have to do with money or gold. It is about the dynamic between Brutus, Caesar, and Cassius.

Can the narrator's voice be equated to Welty's?

In Eudora Welty's story, "Why I Live at the P.O.," the narrator has a very clear and strong voice. The narrator, Sister, is sassy and opinionated--she has a thought on just about any topic and is always ready to share it. She feels victimized by her family and when her sister, Stella-Rondo, comes back home, pregnant, stealing the limelight, Sister is not happy. Sister becomes sarcastic and petty to every member of her family. She is the classic unreliable narrator because her attitude makes it difficult to know what is the truth and what is an exaggeration. 

It's always difficult to say whether a narrator and author are the same, or if they share the same voice, and really, readers should not make the assumption that this is so. Even though any narrator or character may have a small piece of the author in them, that isn't to say that they have the same voice. In this case, Sister seems quite the opposite of how everyone knew the author, Eudora Welty, to be. Those who knew Miss Welty said she was a soft-spoken, gentle, southern woman. It seems unlikely that she would have ever talked or sounded like Sister in this story.

How many members were in the Ku-Klux-Klan in 1865?

If the year in this question is correct, this has the potential to be a trick question. The Ku Klux Klan was not formally established until 1867 when a general organization convention was held. By 1867, the Klan had clubs in all of the southern states. It became necessary to organize these clubs. At the convention, a former Confederate general by the name of Nathan Bedford Forrest was selected as the "Grand Wizard" of the Klan. Forrest was remembered for his slaughter of black Union troops and civilians after their surrender at the Battle of Fort Pillow. The Klan reached its peak of membership in the 1920's when it had a registration of over four million people.

In December of 1865, six former Confederate soldiers formed a social club to pass the time away. They jokingly used Greek letters like a college fraternity to name their club. Their initial meeting was more of a social gathering in Pulaski, Tennessee. Early on, they would drunkenly run the streets in white costumes. The result of this revelry was that the freed slaves were generally scared of these activities. This is how the group evolved into a racist terrorist organization. So a legitimate answer to the question would be that the Ku Klux Klan had a membership of six in 1865.

What is the conflict in Twilight?

The main conflict in the book Twilight is that seventeen year-old Bella Swan falls in love with her mysterious classmate and vampire Edward Cullen. Edward feels conflicted on the morality of having feelings for and developing a relationship with a human girl. He feels he may put her at risk of injury or death if they are to become emotionally close to one another. Bella is not afraid of Edward and the risks she might face in dating a vampire and befriending his equally undead family. Edward feels a special interest in Bella as he has a mind reading ability but is unable to read her mind. Throughout the book, his special interest in Bella leads him to save her from a number of accidents that might seriously harm her. Edward also admits that the smell of Bella's blood is highly appetizing, so he has a difficult time being around her for fear of biting her.

Throughout the other books in the series, the trouble of Bella's humanity continues to be a driving conflict as she is constantly at risk of harm.

Imagine you are Dame Van Winkle and write a short introduction. (30-60 seconds)

In an introduction of Dame Van Winkle, emphasis can be placed on how she tried to make her husband work and be productive when he was not.

If Dame Van Winkle would introduce herself to a larger audience, she would focus on her role in the relationship with her husband.  She would talk about how she had to be who she was because Rip was the way he was.  Dame Van Winkle would talk about how her husband was lazy and not productive.  She might even invoke specific examples of "his idleness and his carelessness."

Dame Van Winkle would focus on how she had to counteract her husband's demeanor.  In her introduction, she could focus on how other people might have seen her as nagging.  However, this was only because her husband "had but one way of replying to all lectures," which was to do nothing when he "shrugged his shoulders, shook his head," and "cast up his eyes."  

Dame Van Winkle can talk about how "her tongue" and words had to flow "incessantly" otherwise nothing in the home would get done.  Essentially, Dame Van Winkle would justify herself.   She would explain that her insistence in making sure things get done in the right way extended to her death.  She was angry at a New England Peddler, and in this "fit of passion," she broke a blood vessel.  

Introducing Dame Van Winkle in this way makes her more sympathetic.  She would describe herself in affirming terms.  Rather, she would pitch herself in 30 to 60 seconds as someone who wanted to see things get done, and as someone who sought to overcome the resistance of others. 

How did the English view the “New World”?

Although the New World was discovered in the late 15th century by explorers primarily searching for efficient ocean trade routes, the possibility of colonizing new lands was met with growing enthusiasm among several empires in Europe in the 16th century, including England.

By the end of this century, England and France both recognized the importance of seizing the opportunity to colonize the North American coast, as much of the Americas were predominantly claimed by Spain and Portugal. 

Aspirations for colonization spread across England during this period for various reasons. For the most part, colonization was viewed as a business venture by investors seeking to profit from acquired goods and materials. In addition, individuals of nobility sought the promise of property ownership in the New World, clergymen recognized the opportunity for evangelical missions, and common Englishmen sought to escape impoverished, overcrowded cities and make a fresh start.

With whom is the persona angry in "A Poison Tree" by William Blake?

The speaker of the poem is likely angry with two different people.  One is a friend.  The other is a foe.  No additional information is given about these two people.  

I was angry with my friend:
I told my wrath, my wrath did end.
I was angry with my foe:

It is possible that both people are the same, though.  I had a student suggest that the friend and foe are the same person.  Her reason was that sometimes a person is so angry with a friend, that he/she thinks of them as an enemy until things blow over or forgiveness is given.  In "The Poison Tree," it's not too important if it is one character or two, but I'll stick with thinking it is two people for the ease of the explanation.  

The important thing is that the speaker talks out his feelings with his friend.  His anger subsides, and the two remain friends.  Unfortunately, the speaker does not do the same for his foe.  Instead, the speaker nurtures his anger and makes it grow and grow.  In other words, he holds a grudge against this other person and feeds that grudge with additional feelings of anger and dislike.  Eventually those feelings become so powerful that the speaker finds a way to kill his foe.  The poem is a good warning to readers about the dangers of anger and what those feelings can turn people into.  

When do we find out that East Egg is old money and West Egg is new money in The Great Gatsby?

That West Egg is new money and East Egg is old money is clear early in the first chapter of The Great Gatsby (Fitzgerald).  As Nick is explaining his new residence, he takes the time to explain the difference.  West Egg is "the less fashionable of the two" (9), but it is nevertheless quite expensive, with places that rent out for the summer season for "twelve to fifteen thousand" (9).  We know this is the place for the wealthy by virtue of the rental prices, but we know it is a place for the nouveau riche because these mansions are very large, tasteless, and "spanking new" (9). Across the bay, we have "the white palaces of fashionable East Egg" (10) that glitter discreetly on the water. They were not thrown up overnight, nor are they over the top with tacky features.  Nick seems quite eager to justify his own presence in West Egg, where he clearly does not belong. Gatsby is his West Egg neighbor, his cousin Daisy is a denizen of East Egg, and Gatsby, who has more money than he knows what to do with, does not really understand how large a divide this is. 

Who influenced Helen Keller's life?

After being rendered deaf and blind by fever at the age of 19 months, Helen Keller was taken care of by her parents, who relentlessly searched for people who could help their daughter overcome the limitations of her disabilities. Her parents first sought the help of a local eye surgeon who referred them to Dr. Alexander Graham Bell. The famous inventor had a significant influence on Keller's life by introducing her to Anne Sullivan, a blind educator.

Sullivan agreed to teach Keller as many basic skills as she could, from learning the alphabet through sign language to developing her abilities to read and write. Sullivan taught Keller braille at a young age and helped her read advanced texts such as Shakespearean plays. As a teacher and mentor, Sullivan also influenced Keller's perspective by showing her the importance of attending to subjects she didn't enjoy, such as math, and enjoying the beauty of the outside world.

Although they never met, Keller was heavily influenced by a Norwegian girl who was also blind and deaf but nonetheless learned to speak. Keller used this ability to continue her education and became a notable speaker, going on to influence others with disabilities to achieve things they never thought possible.

Describe four character traits of Darry using details from the The Outsiders

Hard-working: Darry was forced to make several significant sacrifices in order to keep his family together after the death of his parents. Darry did not accept an athletic scholarship to go to college, and instead decided to work two jobs to pay the bills. In Chapter 3, Ponyboys says,

"Sodapop... a dropout so he could get a job and keep me in school, and Darry, getting old before his time trying to run a family and hold on to two jobs and never having any fun---" (Hinton 38).

Serious: Darry is a rather serious individual who doesn't joke around much. Ponyboy initially views his older brother with contempt whenever he compares Darry to his happy-go-lucky brother, Sodapop. Darry has experienced several tragic events throughout his life and has a lot of responsibility. In Chapter 1, Ponyboy talks about his brothers, and says,

"Like he's never hollering at me all the time the way Darry is, or treating me as if I was six instead of fourteen. I love Soda more than I've ever loved anyone, even Mom and Dad. He's always happy-go-lucky and grinning, while Darry's hard and firm and rarely grins at all" (Hinton 3).

Masculine: Darry is the biggest and strongest member of the Greasers. There are several scenes in which Ponyboy comments on Darry's huge muscles and physique. In Chapter 7, Ponyboy says,

"We all call Darry "Superman" or "Muscles" at one time or another; but one time Steve made the mistake of referring to him as "all brawn and no brain," and Darry almost shattered Steve's jaw. Steve didn't call him that again, but Darry never forgave him" (Hinton 92).

Concerned: Darry is a concerned brother who is always looking out for Ponyboy. Sometimes, Darry can come off as overbearing, but he is always pushing Ponyboy to excel at school. In Chapter 12, Darry tells Ponyboy,

"You're not going to drop out. Listen, with your brains and grades you could get a scholarship, and we could put you through college. But schoolwork's not the point. You're living in a vacuum, Pony, and you're going to have to cut it out" (Hinton 148).

How are Ebeneezer Scrooge and Charles Dickens alike?

On first glance, the miserly, Ebeneezer Scrooge, and his creator, Charles Dickens, are very different types of people. There are, however, some parallels between the two men and, in particular, their life experiences. 

Firstly, both Scrooge and Dickens had some difficult times as children. Scrooge, for example, is described as a "solitary child" who is "neglected by his friends" and rarely sees his family. Dickens, too, had his own share of bad experiences. His father, for instance, was imprisoned for debt in 1824, forcing the young Dickens to take a job in a blacking factory in London. He worked long hours for poor pay and missed out on several years of education. Dickens never forgot this experience and it inspired many of the characters in his stories.

Secondly, both Scrooge and Dickens came to care strongly about the plight of poor children. For Scrooge, this takes place at the end of the book and is evidence of the strength of his transformation. He gives half-a-crown to the young boy who fetches him the prize turkey, for example, and becomes a "second father" to Tiny Tim. Dickens, too, cared deeply for poor children. In fact, he wrote A Christmas Carol after reading the Scriven Report of 1843 which exposed the terrible conditions of children working in the potteries of Staffordshire. Dickens was also heavily involved in the Ragged School Movement, to provide education for children in poorer districts, and dedicated much of his adult life to speaking out on behalf of the disadvantaged and deprived of Victorian England. 

Evaluate the indefinite integral.

You need to evaluate the indefinite integral using the following substitution  , such that:

Replacing back for u yields:

Hence, evaluating the indefinite integral, yields  

In what way is a wolf's body structure better than a human's body structure?

I think what you mean here is better adapted, rather than better for the habitat in which wolves live and for the niche that wolves fill in nature. A wolf and a human carry out different roles in nature.

The wolf is a predator of such organisms as deer, moose, buffalo, beavers and others. Its body contains sharp curved canine teeth for tearing flesh and back teeth capable of chewing through bones. Humans have small canine teeth which are not curved or as strong as a wolf's. Their tongue is rough compared to that of a human and is adapted to help them scrape meat off bones while eating.

Their feet contain claws and fleshy paws to help travel through snow. Their front feet are wider than their back feet and they possess long legs. Because they tend to hunt during night hours, they have excellent night vision. They are also able to smell and hear more than humans are able to. They don't see well in color and are more adapted to see far and sense motion. This enables them to track and kill prey. They possess ears covered in fur. 

Wolves are covered in a thick coat that provides protection from the elements, keeping them both warm and dry. This coat is colored for camouflage, as it is usually brown or gray with black and white hairs mixed in. The upper layer is coarser and contains guard hairs which help to keep the wolf dry. It is usually oily. In winter there is a thick coating of fur beneath the upper layer to provide added insulation.

Wolves are social animals that hunt in packs. They use their large brain, specifically their cerebrums, to help them to engage in pack activities. Humans, however, have a superior intellect to wolves and a larger cerebrum to body size.

The limbs of wolves have radius and ulna bones (as do humans) however theirs are in the locked position which enables them to have greater ability to be fast, agile and stable while running. 

Both humans and wolves are mammals and share many homologous structures, which points to their common ancestry. However, during the course of evolution, these structures have become fine-tuned to enable these organisms to fulfill their subsequent roles in nature.

How do Macbeth's imagination and conscience both seem overly active in Act 2 Scene 1?

The soliloquy with which Macbeth ends this scene provides evidence of both his overactive imagination and his overactive -- and guilty -- conscience.  On stage alone, he hallucinates a dagger which he says appears before him, the "handle toward [his] hand" (2.1.45).  He tries to grab it and cannot, so both he and we know it to be fantastic only.

Macbeth says that what he sees is "A dagger of the mind, a false creation / Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain" (2.1.50-51).  He is so tense and edgy because of he and his wife's plan to murder Duncan that night, and his imagination has thus produced a hallucination that conveys Macbeth's jitters as well as the reason for them (they plan to use daggers to kill the king).  Suddenly, the dagger appears to be covered in "gouts of blood" (2.1.58), further connecting it to Macbeth's jumpiness and guilt for the act he is about to commit.  

He has already tried to back out of the plan once, but he was compelled by his wife to recommit.  We know that he loves Duncan, that he feels a sense of obligation to his guest and king, and that he is sensible of the honor Duncan has paid him by making him Thane of Cawdor.  For all these reasons, he feels guilty, and so his guilty conscience is compounded by his imagination, prompting this hallucination and its gory transformation.  He says, himself, "There's no such thing. / It is the bloody business which informs / Thus to mine eyes" (2.1.59-61).  In other words, it is only his imagination and guilt over the "bloody business" he's about to do that makes him see the dagger.

His overactive imagination is on further display in the lines that follow:

Witchcraft celebrates
Pale Hecate's off'rings, and withered murder,
Alarumed by his sentinel, the wolf,
Whose howl's his watch, thus with his stealthy pace, 
With Tarquin's ravishing strides, towards his
   design
Moves like a ghost.  (2.1.63-69)

He imagines that witches are abroad, making their sacrifices to Hecate (the goddess of witchcraft).  Further, he personifies murder as being awoken by the wolf's howl, stealthily stealing across the land, like Tarquin (a Roman famous for his rape of Lucrece), in order to ravish some unsuspecting victim.  He then instructs the ground not to "Hear [his] steps [...] for fear / Thy very stones prate of my whereabouts" (2.1.70-71).  All of this figurative language -- the personification of murder, the allusion to Tarquin, the personification of the ground by insisting that it has the ability to hear Macbeth's steps and reveal his guilt -- is very imaginative and shows readers just how overactive his imagination and conscience are at this moment.

Explain why the working men are celebrating in the first scene in Julius Caesar. Why does Marulles reproach them?

The workmen are celebrating having a day off for Caesar’s celebration.

The plebeians of Rome are celebrating a holiday from work.  This holiday is a result of the Feast of Lupercal celebration that Julius Caesar is officiating.  Due to the celebration, the ordinary workers have the day off.  Flavius takes note of this. 

Hence! home, you idle creatures get you home:
Is this a holiday? what! know you not,
Being mechanical, you ought not walk
Upon a labouring day without the sign
Of your profession? (Act 1, Scene 1)

The workmen are not overly political.  They are just happy that they do not have to go to work.  Marullus and Flavius are not supporters of Caesar.  They chide the workmen for celebrating Caesar’s victory against Pompey.  Pompey was a Roman consul too, but Caesar was victorious against him in a civil war.  Marullus scolds the men for changing allegiances. 

Wherefore rejoice? What conquest brings he home?
What tributaries follow him to Rome,
To grace in captive bonds his chariot-wheels?
You blocks, you stones, you worse than senseless things!
O you hard hearts, you cruel men of Rome,
Knew you not Pompey? (Act 1, Scene 1)

Marullus and Flavius are part of a faction that opposes Caesar.  He was aggressive in pursuing the war against Pompey and the other Romans.  Some of the members of the Patrician class felt that he was overly ambitious.  This is the same reason a conspiracy of senators rose up to assassinate him in the first place.

Shakespeare uses this scene for two reasons.  First, it establishes comic relief through the workmen’s puns.  Second, it demonstrates the political unrest in Rome.  Caesar came to power and became dictator under very unusual circumstances.  Not everyone in Rome appreciated it.  This scene also gives us some background information on Pompey and those who were still supportive of him.

Similarities between solution and emulsion.

As far as being similar, both are types of solutions.  A solution is a mixture that has a small part (solute) being dissolved in a larger part (solvent).  Dissolving sugar in water is a good example of a solution.  We say the sugar molecules have been dissolved amongst the water molecules.  An emulsion is a mixture of two substances that may be forced to intermingle with each other, but eventually will separate.  A good example here would be oil and water.  The less dense oil will usually separate from the more dense water.  One may shake the container the two are in and the oil and water will mix together.  But the longer the container sits, the more the oil and water separate.  The two liquids are said to be immiscible, meaning they will not stay mixed with each other.