In The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-time Indian, how does Arnold's decision to pursue hope change his perspective of the world around him?

In The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-time Indian, Junior's decision to pursue hope by going to a different school changes his perspective on the world around him by showing him that hope is real.  Early in the novel, Junior's teacher Mr. P tells Junior that there is no hope on the reservation and that teachers have been told to kill the Indian culture. For this and other reasons, Junior decides to leave the reservation school to attend school in a neighboring white town, Reardan.  Junior leaves the reservation thinking that there is no hope left on the reservation; however, when he begins school at Reardan and makes friends there, Junior realizes that there are problems everywhere and that hope is still possible.  When Junior first arrives at Reardan, he draws a picture of the Pegasus and thinks that hope is synonymous with white. However, after he becomes friends with Penelope and learns that her father Earl creates trouble for her at home, he understands that the lives of his white classmates might not be as perfect as he once thought.  At this point, Junior realizes that individuals create their own hope and that hope can exist in places where harsh conditions make life appear hopeless.