Metals are the elements that readily lose valence electrons to become positively charged ions, known as cations. They are, generally, good conductors of heat and electricity and are malleable (can be beaten into sheets) and ductile (can be drawn into wires). Among other physical characteristics, metals are hard and opaque and several of them have shiny luster. Among the chemical characteristics, metals forms alkaline oxides on reaction with oxygen. They also form hydroxides and are very prone to formation of cations (and thus ionic bonds).
The periodic table is the arrangement of elements according to their properties, in rows and columns. Among the known elements, more than 75% are metals. The metals are arranged in groups IA (except for H), IIA, IB-VIIIB, actinide and lanthinide series and also in IVA-VIIA (only some elements, rest are either non-metals or metalloids).
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