Hello!
You are right. By Newton's Law of universal gravitation the gravitational force between two bodies is:
where is the gravitational constant,
and
are the masses of the bodies and
is the distance between them. The value of G isn't necessary for this problem.
For Venus and the Sun the force is
for Earth and the Sun the force is
So, the ratio between them is
Note that the mass of Venus is given in terms of Earth's mass and that one A.U. is actually (by definition).
So the ratio is (times). This is the answer.
Despite this, the gravity on Venus is slightly less then on Earth. Of course this depends on Venus' radius and Earth's radius, not on their distances from the Sun.
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