In Vanessa's experiment, to study the effect of types and amounts of light on plant growth, the "light source" is an independent variable and the "plant height" is the dependent variable.
When conducting any experiment, it is essential to understand what the various variables are. In general, we have only 1 independent and 1 dependent variable in an experiment and all the other variables are controlled variables. It is essential to identify the independent and dependent variables. The easiest way to identify them is to "independent variable causes changes in dependent variable" and not the other way around. For example, in case of Vanessa's experiment, light source (or amount of light) causes a change in plant's growth (measured as plant height), and hence light source is the independent variable and the plant height is the dependent variable.
Hope this helps.
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