Thursday, June 25, 2015

Sputnik I was launched into orbit around Earth in 1957. It had a perigee (the closest approach to Earth, measured from Earth’s center) of 6.81 x...

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When a relatively light body rotates around much heavier body, its orbit is elliptical with the heavier object at one focus of this ellipse. And the speed of a smaller object is



where is the constant of universe gravitation, is the mass of a heavier body, is the current distance between objects and is the major semi-axis of the elliptic orbit.


Denote the minimal distance as and the maximum as Then or



Also, at the perigee And we know and



The final formula is



In numbers,



which is approximately




P.S. Sources give the completely different values for and


P.P.S. The main formula may be derived from the basic physical laws, see the first link.

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